Lesson 6 The sporting spirit体育的精神

I am always amazed when I hear people saying that sport creates goodwill between the nations, and that if only the common peoples of the world could meet one another at football or cricket, they would have no inclination to meet on the battlefield.

amaze sb. ^{使某人惊讶}

• When the archaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazed to find that the goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman. ^{当考古学家重建这些碎片时，他们惊讶地发现这位女神看起来非常现代。}

并列宾语从句 ^语法点

• Galileo’s observations show (that) Copernicus was right and that the earth moves around the sun, not the other way around. ^{伽利略的观察表明哥白尼是对的，地球绕着太阳转，而不是相反。}
• He agreed that a train did come into the station at the time and that it did stop, but only to take on mail. ^{他同意火车确实在那个时间进入车站并停下，但只是为了装邮件。}

If only ^{要是……就好了；表示虚拟语气}

• If only I were as clever as you are! ^{要是我像你一样聪明就好了！}
• If only they were here now, we would be able to celebrate their wedding anniversary. ^{要是他们现在在这儿，我们就能庆祝他们的结婚纪念日了。}

Even if one didn't know from concrete examples (the 1936 Olympic Games, for instance) that international sporting contests lead to orgies of hatred, one could deduce it from general principles.

even if ^{即使（假设条件）}

• Even if you dislike ancient monuments, Warwick Castle is worth a visit. ^{即使你不喜欢古迹，沃里克城堡也值得一游。}
• The villagers said they would not accept the inn even if he gave it away. ^{村民们说即使他免费送旅馆他们也不会接受。}
• He began to complain about the weather, for even though it was summer, it rained continually. ^{他开始抱怨天气，因为即使是夏天，也一直在下雨。}

concrete / solid ^具体的

• We need concrete examples to understand this theory. ^{我们需要具体的例子来理解这个理论。}
• The plan lacks solid evidence to support it. ^{这个计划缺乏有力的证据来支持。}

orgies of ... / an orgy of ... ^{疯狂的……；过度的……}

• orgies of hatred ^{疯狂的仇恨}
• an orgy of killing ^{疯狂的杀戮}
• an orgy of spending before Christmas ^{圣诞节前的疯狂购物}

Nearly all the sports practised nowadays are competitive.

practise / practice ^{经常做，从事}

• On the other hand, your stomach would turn at the idea of frying potatoes in animal fat—the normally accepted practice. ^{习俗，惯例}

practice ^{习俗，惯例}

• Daily practice is essential for mastering any skill. ^{日常练习对于掌握任何技能都至关重要。}
• It's a common practice to greet customers politely. ^{礼貌地问候顾客是一种常见做法。}
• The new law bans the practice of child labor. ^{新法律禁止童工的做法。}

You play to win, and the game has little meaning unless you do your utmost to win.

do / try one’s utmost to do ^{竭尽全力做某事}

• Though the doctor did his best, the patient's recovery was slow. ^{尽管医生尽了最大努力，病人的康复仍然缓慢。}

近义表达 ^{竭尽全力做某事}

On the village green, where you pick up sides and no feeling of local patriotism is involved...

pick up sides ^{随意组成队伍比赛}

• We picked up sides and started a quick soccer match. ^{我们临时分组开始了一场足球赛。}

local patriotism ^地方主义

• Strong local patriotism can sometimes lead to rivalry between towns. ^{强烈的地方主义有时会导致城镇间的竞争。}

question of ^{……的问题}

arise ^{出现（问题、矛盾等）}

• The conflict arose from tensions between different ethnic groups. ^{冲突起源于不同族群间的紧张关系。}

unit ^{组织，单位}

• Each unit is responsible for its own data analysis. ^{每个小组负责自己的数据分析。}

arouse ^{激起，引起}

• The speech aroused great interest among the audience. ^{演讲激起了听众极大的兴趣。}

Anyone who has played even in a school football match knows this.

Those who ^{指代一类人}

• Those who never move house become collectors of clutter. ^{从不搬家的人往往成了杂物收集者。}

At the international level, sport is frankly mimic warfare.

sport ^{体育运动（总称）}

• Sport brings people together across nations. ^{体育让不同国家的人们团结在一起。}

frankly ^坦白地说

• Frankly, I don't think this plan will work. ^{坦白说，我认为这个计划行不通。}

warfare ^{战争（种类）}

• The country prepared for nuclear warfare. ^{该国为核战争做准备。}

But the significant thing is not the behaviour of the players but the attitude of the spectators...

not ... but ... ^{不是……而是……}

spectator ^{观众（体育比赛）}

• Thousands of spectators watched the final game. ^{成千上万的观众观看了决赛。}

work sb. into ... ^{使某人进入某种情绪}

• He worked himself into a rage. ^{他让自己怒火中烧。}

at any rate ^{无论如何 / 至少}

• At any rate, we must finish the job today. ^{无论如何，我们今天必须完成这项工作。}

virtue ^{品德，优点}

• Honesty is a basic virtue in all cultures. ^{诚实是所有文化的基本美德。}