新概念英语第二册

Lesson 16 A polite request彬彬有礼的要求 if条件状语从句 状语从句 主将从现

First listen and then answer the question: What was the polite request?

If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it.

一旦你把汽车停错了地方，交通警很快就会发现。

You will be very lucky if he lets you go without a ticket.

如果他没给你罚单就放你走了，算你走运。

However, this does not always happen. Traffic police are sometimes very polite.

然而，情况并不都是这样，交通警有时也很客气。

During a holiday in Sweden, I found this note on my car:

有一次在瑞典度假，我发现我的车上有这样一个字条 :

'sir, we welcome you to our city. This is a "No Parking" area. You will enjoy your stay here if you pay attention to our street signs. This note is only a reminder.'

“先生，欢迎您光临我们的城市。此处是⌜禁止停车⌟区。如果您对我们街上的标牌稍加注意，您在此会过得很愉快的。谨此提请注意。”

If you receive a request like this, you cannot fail to obey it!

如果你收到这样的恳求，你是不会不遵照执行的！
Lesson 17 Always young
10个相关单词

与课文关联的单词

park *

/pɑːk/v. 停放（汽车）

traffic

/ˈtræfɪk/n. 交通

ticket *

/ˈtɪkɪt/n. 交通违规罚款单

note *

/nəʊt/n. 便条

area *

/ˈeəriə/n. 地段

sign *

/saɪn/n. 指示牌

reminder

/rɪˈmaɪndə(r)/n. 提示

fail *

/feɪl/v. 无视，忘记

obey

/əˈbeɪ/v. 服从

polite

/pəˈlaɪt/adj. 有礼貌的

课文理解交警的客套 更新于:2024-01-11 11:21:55

If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it. 主将从现

  • One can never know what will happen tomorrow. 一个人永远不会知道明天将会发生什么事。
  • If you make a journey around the world, you’ll see many beauty spots. 如果你进行一次环球旅行的话，你就会看到许多风景胜地。

in the wrong place 不合适的地方

wrong adj. 不合适的right adj. 合适的
  • They met(A met B) in the wrong place at the wrong time. 他们在错误的时间、错误的地点相遇了
  • You met the wrong person in the wrong place at the wrong time. 遇见了错误的人
  • He is the right person who you are looking for. 他就是你要找的人(对的人)
  • Walking, done in the right way, is a form of aerobic exercise. 走路方法得当的话是一种有氧锻炼。
  • They have computerized systems to ensure delivery of the right pizza to the right place.他们有计算机化的系统来确保把相应的比萨饼送到相应的地方。

You will be very lucky if he lets you go without a ticket. 主将从现

let (sb.) go 放开，释放，使自由，让（某人）去
  • The man won’t let go (of) my arm. 那人抓住我的胳膊不放。
  • He is very angry now. He won’t let you go easily. 他现在很生气。他不会轻易放过你的。
without + n. 如果没有…within 在…里
  • Without water,fish cannot live. 鱼不能离开水(If 引导的叫条件句, without 后面的名词也叫条件)
  • without a ticket = without giving you a ticket 不给你开罚单
  • Clients are entertained within private dining rooms. prep. 客户们在私人餐厅里受到款待。
  • The real dangers to these rebels came from within. adv. 对于这些叛乱分子真正的危险来自内部。

However, this does not always happen.

however = but 然而

however but 
常常放在句首或句子中都可以，however 转折语义比较弱习惯放在两个句子之间；but 转折性语义比较强
On one issue, however, she was immovable.然而，就一点而言，她态度是坚决的。But his death was so needless.然而他的死却太没有必要了。

Traffic police are sometimes very polite.

the police n. 警察部门，警方police 警察（复数） policeman\policewoman 单指一名警察
Ring the police if there is a burglary. 如果发生入户盗窃就给警方打电话。The police are questioning a foreign tourist. 警察们正在盘问一名外国游客。 There is a traffic policeman over there. You can ask him the way to the station.

During a holiday in Sweden, I found this note on my car: 'sir, we welcome you to our city. This is a "No Parking" area.'

welcome sb. to + 地点 欢迎某人来某地

“No Parking”在句中作 area 的定语，由若干个词合成的词组型定语有：

  • a never-to-be-forgotten day 一个永远也不能忘掉的日子
  • a well-to-do family 一个富裕的家庭

You will enjoy your stay here if you pay attention to our street signs.

enjoy v. 享受

  • I have enjoyed my stay here. 我已经在这儿很快乐了
  • Enjoy your stay here. 祝你玩得开心
Pay attention to 集中注意力于某事物care 关心, 在意Take care of = Look after 照顾, 照料
  • pay attention to （思想上）注意
  • pay attention (to sth.) 注意…
  • I don't care. 我不在乎。
  • Who cares？ 我不在乎(谁在乎!)
  • I don’t care if he breaks his neck! 他就是折断颈骨，我也不在乎！
  • Please take care of/look after the children for me when I am out.
  • I know the Lord will look after him.我知道上帝会照顾他的。

This note is only a reminder

note n. 短笺，便条；笔记notice （眼睛上的）注意;警示牌;通知
Note that the prices are inclusive of VAT. 注意这些价格含增值税。They gave her two weeks' notice. 他们通知她两周后搬走。

remind v. 提醒

remind sb. of sth.  使某人想起某事
  • Harry reminds me of my father.
  • This song reminds me of our trip to Spain.
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
  • I reminded him to post my letter.
  • She reminded me to wear the visitor's badge at all times.
remember sb. to sb. 前者向后者表示问候Remember me to your mother. 代我向你母亲问好
remember to do sth. 记得要去做…Remember to send the letter.
remember doing sth. 记得已经做了I remembered sending the letter.
remember v. 记起, 记得Do you remember? 你想起来了吗?
remember sth. 想起某事Remember? 记得吗?(可以单独用)

If you receive a request like this, you cannot fail to obey it!

cannot fail to do 双否得正，不得不（双否=加强肯定）

  • you cannot fail to obey it! 你不能不服从它!双层否定

语法知识条件句（Conditional sentences） 更新于:2024-01-11 11:22:49

状语从句 §

状语从句（Adverbial Clauses）是一种用来修饰主句的从句，以一个句子做状语，表达描述性信息。它提供了关于时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、方式等方面的描述信息，以增加句子的复杂性和详细性。

类型引导词示例
时间状语从句when ; while ; since ; as ; before ; till ; until ; as soon as …I will call you when I get home.
地点状语从句whereThey went to the park where they used to play as children.
原因状语从句beacause ; since ; as ; for …He didn't come to the party because he was feeling sick.
条件状语从句if;unlessIf it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.主将从现
目的状语从句so that … ; in order that …She took extra lessons so that she could improve her English.
方式状语从句like ; as ; as if…He speaks as if he knows everything. 天上知道完，地下知一半
结果状语从句 *so/such … that … ; so that …(所以)The one with the money got such a fright that he dropped the bag.
比较状语从句than ; asTomorrow he will be watching her anxiously as she swims the long distance to England.
让步状语从句 *though ; although ; even though ; even if …for even though it was still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterly cold.

这些副词引导的从句可以在主句之前、之后或中间出现，具体位置取决于句子结构和所要表达的含义。

If 条件状语从句 (If + 从句，主句)

If + 从句 如果A从句主句 那么就B主句
If he is sleeping,从句：如果他在在睡觉，don't wake him up. 主句：不要叫醒他
if you don't hurry(条件,你再不快点的情况下).You will miss the train(主句,你将会错过火车), 
  • You can post these letters if you want to. 主句、从句位置可以互换
  • If it’s fine tomorrow, we can/may go out. 从句 + 主句
  • Please let me know if you cant’t come. 主句 + 从句

if 引导的条件从句指能够发生、可能发生或可能发生过的事件。如果认为将来的事件很可能会发生(真实条件句)， 那么 if 从句中要用一般现在时（有时也用其他形式的现在时），主句中用 will（或 shall）加动词形式或其他形式的将来时。

条件句的主句中的 will 表示肯定如此或几乎可以肯定会如此。如果觉得其“肯定”程度达不到使用 will 的程度，或者如果想表达建议等其他意思，就可以用别的情态助动词来代替 will；条件句中的主句还可以用祈使语气等表示请求、建议等。

* 真实条件句/虚拟条件句

格式真实条件句虚拟条件句
形式零条件句If +从句 (现在时)，主句(现在时)二型条件句If + 从句 (过去时)，主句 would/could/might + 动词原形
说明表达普遍真理或事实表达与事实相反的情况或不太可能发生的情况
关键字always, usually, often, sometimes, ifif, wish, were, had
例句If it rains, the ground gets wet.If I had a million dollars, I would travel the world.
形式一般条件句If + 从句 (现在时)，主句(将来时)三型条件句If + 从句 (过去完成时)，主句 would/could/might + have + 过去分词
说明表达可能发生的情况表达对过去事件的遗憾、虚拟的情况以及无法改变的事实
关键字when, unlessshould, could, might
例句If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.
形式混合条件句If + 从句 (过去完成时)，主句 would/could/might + 动词原形
说明表达对过去事件的影响在现在的结果。
关键字should, could, might
例句If it hadn't rained, we would be having a picnic now.
一般现在时一般将来时
  • If he is out,假设现在，
  • If he is working, 
  • I will call him tomorrow.描述将来
  • I won't disturb him.
we will stay at home. ✓ 描述将来If it rains tomorrow,假设将来
If it will rain tomorrow, we will stay at home. X 真实条件句假设将来描述将来，主将从现
英文里的特殊规则在真实条件句里，要假设将来，还是得需要使用 (从句)一般现在时 + (主句)一般将来时。
一般过去时过去将来时
If tall chimneys were built above sea level § ,假设过去 the tunnel would be well-ventilated.描述过去将来
规律总结：If 假设过去使用过去时，假设现在使用现在时，假设将来也是使用的现在时，但主句要成立则全部为相应的将来时。
真实条件句IF从句主句使用率
假设过去过去的各种时态过去将来时5%
假设现在现在的各种时态一般将来时5%
假设将来一般现在时(替代将来)90%
误解“主将从现”，即遇到条件句主句为一般将来时，从句使用使用一般现在时只是大多数的情况，并不是绝对的情况。要根据上下文灵活使用。
  • I shall see him, if he is here next week. 主将从现
  • If he plays well, he will get into the school team.主将从现
  • If they have time the day after tomorrow, they will fly to London to have a meeting with us.主将从现
  • If you make a mistake, correct it. 祈使句
  • If you like him, you may tell him. 情态动词
  • If she enjoys concerts, why doesn't she come with us? 疑问句

顺序问题：If 引导的是条件从句，要实现的是主句，所以不管是If在句首还是句中，它总是引导的是从句。

  • If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it. 如果你把车停在错误的地方，交通警察不久将会找到它。
  • A traffic policeman will soon find it , if you park your car in the wrong place. 【倒着翻译】

不规则动词的变化

原型过去式过去分词现在分词
letletletletting

Shake a leg. 赶快；跳舞；迅速行动

共有8题需要完成

练习题

  1. If it , I shall take an umbrella with me.（单选）
    A、is rain
    B、was rain
    C、rains
    D、will rain
  2. You never this exam if you don't work hard.（单选）
    A、will,pass
    B、are, pass
    C、_, pass
    D、was, passed
  3. If he plays well, he into the team.（单选）
    A、will get
    B、is get
    C、was got
    D、was get
  4. If he concerts, why doesn't he come with us?（单选）
    A、enjoy
    B、enjoys
    C、is enjoy
    D、was enjoyed
  5. Traffic police are .（单选）
    A、occasionally very polite
    B、never very polite
    C、always very polite
    D、seldom very polite
  6. ‘No Parking’means .（单选）
    A、don't leave your car here
    B、without parking
    C、don't stop
    D、there's no room to park here
  7. This note is only a reminder. It's .（单选）
    A、nothing
    B、no one
    C、nothing extra
    D、nothing more
  8. You will enjoy your stay. It will you.（单选）
    A、amuse
    B、enjoy
    C、laugh at
    D、please
Lesson 17 Always young