mineral [ˈminərəl] adj. 矿物的
【搭】mineral water 矿泉水
* * *
A: Can you offer me a cup of tea?
B: Sorry, but I can give you a bottle of mineral water.
A：能给我一杯茶吗？
B：对不起，但是我可以给你一瓶矿泉水。
* * *
boring [ˈbɔːriŋ] n. 钻孔
derrick [ˈderik] n. 井架
【派】derricking 用转臂起重机移动
【扩】headframe 井架
* * *
A: We put up an oil derrick there last month.
B: I think you should tell me that much earlier.
A：上个月我们在那儿竖起了一个井架。
B：我认为你应该早点告诉我。
* * *
block and tackle 滑轮组
haul [hɔːl] v. 拖，拉
rotate [rəuˈteit] v. 使转动
【派】rotatable 可旋转的
【扩】swivel 旋转 gyrate 旋转
* * *
A: You mustn't rotate the wheel with your hand.
B: I won't. I know what I can't do here.
A：你不能用手转动轮子。
B：不会的，我知道在这儿哪些不能做。
* * *
cutting bit [ˈkʌtiŋ-bit] 钻头
geologist [dʒiˈɔlədʒist] n. 地质学家
coring bit [ˈkɔːriŋ-bit] 取芯钻头
cylinder [ˈsilində] n. 圆柱体
【扩】column 圆柱 cone 圆锥体 cube 立方体
* * *
A: Around the engine cylinder is a water jacket.
B: What's your purpose to put it there?
A：围绕着发动机汽缸的是一个水套。
B：你把它放在那儿的目的是什么？
* * *
strata [ˈstrɑːtə] n. ［复］岩层（［单］stratum）
circulate [ˈsəːkjuleit] v. 注入，环流
【派】circulation 循环
* * *
A: The blood must circulate freely everywhere in the body.
B: If not what will happen?
A：血液应该是全身畅通的。
B：要不是那样的话会怎么样呢？
* * *
gush [ɡʌʃ] n./v. 喷出
【派】gusher 喷油井
【扩】puff 喷出 spout 喷出
* * *
A: There was a gush of blood as the wound reopened.
B: What did he do then?
A：伤口再次裂开时，血流如注。
B：那当时他是怎么做的呢？
noun [具体名词]矿物质；矿物；<英>汽水，苏打水；无机物；矿泉水 - Mineral oils are used to lubricate machinery.
adjective [原级]（与）矿物（有关）的 - Molybdenum oxide is the product by mining, mineral processing and roasting etc.
mineral adj. 矿物质的；n. 矿物质
- Many nations rely on their mineral resources for economic growth. 许多国家依赖其矿产资源来实现经济增长。
- The town is famous for its natural hot mineral spring baths. 这座小镇因其天然温泉矿泉浴而闻名。
- Tourists often prefer to drink bottled mineral water when visiting unfamiliar places. 游客在访问不熟悉的地方时通常更喜欢饮用瓶装矿泉水。
- Calcium and iron are essential mineral substances for a healthy diet. 钙和铁是健康饮食中必需的矿物质。
| mineral deposits 矿藏；矿物沉积 | Geologists are searching for new offshore mineral deposits. 地质学家正在寻找新的海上矿藏。 |
|---|---|
| minerals n. 矿物；矿物质（总称） | China is rich in minerals. 中国矿产资源丰富。 |
| metallic minerals 金属矿物质 | Copper and gold are examples of valuable metallic minerals. 铜和金是宝贵的金属矿物质的例子。 |
| non-metallic minerals 非金属矿物质 | Sand and gravel are widely used non-metallic minerals in construction. 沙子和砾石是建筑中广泛使用的非金属矿物质。 |
| ore n. 矿；矿石 | The factory processes large quantities of iron ore every month. 这家工厂每月加工大量的铁矿石。 |
| iron ore 铁矿石 | The price of iron ore fluctuates based on global steel demand. 铁矿石的价格随全球钢铁需求而波动。 |
| uranium ore 铀矿；铀矿石 | Uranium ore is the raw material used for nuclear energy production. 铀矿石是用于核能生产的原材料。 |
| mine n. 矿，矿藏 | The town's economy depends heavily on the local coal mine. 这座小镇的经济严重依赖当地的煤矿。 |
| a coal-mine 煤矿 | Working conditions in a coal-mine can be extremely dangerous. 煤矿的工作条件可能极其危险。 |
| a gold-mine 金矿 | After years of searching, the prospector finally discovered a gold-mine. 经过多年的寻找，探矿者终于发现了一个金矿。 |
adjective [原级]令人厌烦的；乏味的，无趣的，无聊的 - Not only are mothers not paid but also most of their boring or difficult work is unnoticed.
noun [具体名词]钻孔，扩洞；钻成的孔，扩大的洞 - The Boring Company (TBC) is an American infrastructure, tunnel construction services, and equipment company founded by Elon Musk.
verb [vt. 及物动词]使厌烦；钻；盯着看（bore 的现在分词形式） - She finds it boring at home.
bore v. 钻孔；挖掘（常指用钻子或机器钻较深的孔或通道）
- They had to bore a hole in the wood to insert the screw. 他们必须在木头上钻一个孔来插入螺丝。
- Engineers used specialized equipment to bore a tunnel through the mountain. 工程师们使用专业设备穿山凿隧道。
| drill v. 钻孔（用途广泛，常指用旋转工具钻孔） | The construction crew started to drill for a new well. 施工队开始钻探一口新水井。 |
|---|---|
| drill for oil / water 钻探石油/水 | In the desert area, companies often drill for water at great depths. 在沙漠地区，公司经常钻探很深的水。 |
| an electric drill 电钻（n. 钻孔机） | You will need an electric drill to hang the shelves on the wall. 你需要一把电钻才能把架子挂在墙上。 |
| perforate v. 打孔；穿孔；打眼（常指规则地穿透，如打出虚线） | Perforate the cover to let air in. 给盖子打孔以让空气进入。 |
| punch v. 给...打孔；（用打孔器等）打孔（常指用压力打出规则的孔） | The secretary used a machine to punch holes in the documents for filing. 秘书用机器在文件上打孔以便归档。 |
| prick v. 扎；刺；戳（常指用尖物轻微刺入或刺穿） | A small bead of blood formed where she had pricked her finger. 在她刺破手指的地方形成了一小滴血珠。 |
| pierce v. 扎；刺破；穿透（强调穿过或穿透） | She had her ears pierced. 她穿了耳洞。 |
noun [专属名词]起重机，[机]转臂起重机；油井的铁架塔 - The artist erected a man in the front yard, that resembled a derrick.
noun [专属名词]（Derrick）人名；（英、法、瑞典）德里克 - Now Derrick wears a crisp uniform.
noun [专属名词]滑轮组和绳索：用于举升或拉动的滑轮组和相关绳索或电缆。 - I finally hoisted him up with a block and tackle.
verb [vt. 及物动词]（用力）拖，拉；强迫（某人）去某处；费力前进，艰难地走；<非正式>迫使（某人）出庭受审；（用运载工具）运送，运输；<英>（费力地）升级；（尤指帆船）突然改变航道 - If someone is hauled before a court or someone in authority, they are made to appear before them because they are accused of having done something wrong.
noun [抽象名词]拖，拉；大批赃物，大量非法物品；赛季（或赛事）得分总数；旅行的距离；一网的捕鱼量；托运的距离 - A haul is a quantity of things that are stolen, or a quantity of stolen or illegal goods found by police or customs.
haul v. （持续而缓慢地）拖拉或提升
- Rescue workers attached the men to ropes before hauling them to safety.
| drag v. （使劲而吃力地）拖，拉，拽，扯（常指在表面上拖动沉重或不便之物） | He dragged the heavy chest across the floor. 他把沉重的箱子在地板上拖过。 |
|---|---|
| drag sb. off sth. 将某人强行从某处拖走 | The police dragged the soccer hooligan off the pitch. 警察将足球流氓强行拖离了球场。 |
| tow v. （用绳索或链条）拖，拉，牵引（常指用车、船等牵引） | My car broke down and had to be towed to a garage. 我的车坏了，不得不被拖到修理厂。 |
| trail v. （被）拖，拉；（尤指跟在他人后面）疲惫地走，没精打采地慢走 | She walked slowly along the path, her skirt trailing in the mud. 她沿着小路慢慢走着，裙子拖在泥里。 |
| tug v. （常为几次用力）拉，拖，拽；（朝某一方向用力）拉，拖，拽（常指用力、猛地拉扯） | We tugged it so hard that the rope broke. 我们用力拽得太猛，绳子断了。 |
| pull / draw v. 拉；拖；拽（最常用，没有场合限制） | He carefully pulled the chair closer to the table. 他小心翼翼地把椅子拉近桌子。 |
verb [vt. 及物动词]（使）旋转，（使）转动；（人员）轮换，轮值；轮种，轮作；定期调换地点（或位置） - The earth rotates around the sun.
adjective [原级]（植） 辐状的 - It also automatically rotate.
rotate v. （使）（沿自身的轴）旋转
- rotate the handle gently
- This object is going to rotate. 物体将要开始旋转。
- Rotate the left arm forward while inhaling.吸气时旋转左臂向前。
| revolve v. （使）旋转；围绕（中心）转动（常指沿外部的轴或中心公转） | The restaurant revolves slowly, giving excellent views of the city. 这家餐厅缓慢旋转，可以欣赏到绝佳的城市景观。 |
|---|---|
| revolve (Orbit) v. 公转；围绕...运行（强调环绕外部中心运行） | The earth rotates on its axis while it revolves in its orbit. 地球绕着自身的轴心自转，同时沿着轨道公转。 |
| spin v. （使）快速旋转；（使）自转（强调绕着自身中心快速旋转） | The ice skater began to spin faster and faster. 滑冰运动员开始转得越来越快。 |
| twirl v. 使轻快地转动；使旋转（常指轻快、优雅地转动） | The couple was twirling to a waltz. 这对情侣正在随着华尔兹的节奏轻快地旋转。 |
| circulate vi. 传播，流传；循环；流通 | Blood circulates through the body. 血液在体内循环。 |
| circulate (Air/Fluid) vt. 使循环；使流通 | Open the window to allow the air to circulate. 打开窗户让空气流通。 |
| circulation n. 流通，传播；循环；发行量 | The newspaper has a daily circulation of over 500,000 copies. 这份报纸的日发行量超过50万份。 |
noun [专属名词]切削刀片：一种用于切削、雕刻或加工材料的工具，通常安装在机床或其他设备上。 - In reality, the image is a bit of an illusion: the lightning was far from the Observatory and the laser only appears to be cutting through the bolt.
noun [专属名词]地质学家，地质学者 - It is the only paved road discovered in ancient Egypt, said geologist Thomas Bown of the United States Geological Survey.
noun [专属名词]取芯钻头：一种用于取样土壤或岩石的钻头，通常由钢制成，具有锋利的切削边缘和中空的中心以容纳样本。 - The geologist needs to know what rocks the drill has reached, so every so often a sample is obtained with a coring bit.
noun [专属名词]圆柱体，圆筒；汽缸；高压钢瓶；印刷机滚筒；（枪的）旋转弹膛；筒形石印；柱面 - The cylinder is cooled by a jet of water.
noun [专属名词]层；[地质]地层；阶层 - Contained within the rock strata is evidence that the region was intensely dry 15,000 years ago.
| 单数 | 复数 |
|---|---|
| stratum | strata |
| datum | data |
| medium | media |
| bacterium | bacteria |
| curriculum | curricula |
verb [vt. 及物动词]（液体或气体）环流，循环；传播，流传；传阅，传送；来往应酬，周旋 - The document was previously circulated in New York at the United Nations.
noun [专属名词]喷油井；说话滔滔不绝的人 - And where did this insane gusher of money come from?
