Lesson 13 The search for oil探寻石油

The deepest holes of all are made for oil, and they go down to as much as 25,000 feet.

表达“凿一个洞” ^{不同方式的表达}

go down to / go up to ^{去往（方向或重要性）}

• The holes go down to as much as 25,000 feet^{深达25,000英尺}.
• I’ll go down to Hangzhou^{明天南下去杭州} tomorrow.
• I’ll go up to Dalian^{明天北上去大连} tomorrow.

长宽高重深 ^度量表达

But we do not need to send man down to get the oil out, as we must with other mineral deposits.

send sb. to do sth. / send sb. to sth. ^{打发某人去做某事/去某地}

• We do not need to send man down to get the oil out^{不需要派人下去把油取出来}.
• He was sent to buy some beer^{他被打发去买啤酒}.
• They sent the boy to school^{他们把男孩送去了学校}.

派遣、调动、流放 ^近义词组

as we must with other mineral deposits. ^{（语法）as引导的方式状语中，主句出现的成分可省略}

• ...as we must with other mineral deposits^{正如我们对其他矿藏必须做的那样}.
• He did the task exactly as instructed^{正如被指示的那样}.
• She acted as expected^{正如预期的那样}.

The holes are only borings, less than a foot in diameter.

less than+数词+计量名词 ^还不到...

• The holes are only borings, less than a foot in diameter^{直径还不到一英尺}.
• The journey took less than 20 minutes^{还不到20分钟}.

数量限定词辨析 ^{less/fewer/no more/not more}

diameter / radius / caliber ^{直径/半径/口径}

• The holes are only borings, less than a foot in diameter^直径.
• The circle has a radius^半径 of 5 centimeters.
• The gun has a small caliber^口径.

My particular experience is largely in oil, and the search for oil has done more to improve deep drilling than any other mining activity.

particular / specific / individual ^{具体的、个人的}

• My particular experience^{我个人的经验} is largely in oil.
• We need to focus on this particular case^{这个具体案例}.
• These are his individual problems^{他个人的问题}.

largely / chiefly / mainly / to a great extent ^{主要地、很大程度上}

• My particular experience is largely in oil^{主要在石油方面}.
• His success was largely due to luck^{很大程度上归功于运气}.
• The changes were mainly due to^{主要是由于} financial pressure.

do much / a lot / a great deal to... ^{在...做出了很大贡献}

• The search for oil has done more to improve deep drilling^{对改进深层钻井做出了更大贡献} than any other mining activity.
• Mendoza did much to change crude prizefighting into a sport^{对把粗野的拳击比赛变成一项运动做出了很大贡献}...
• The Bible does much to change the crude world into a civilized one^{对把粗鄙的世界变成一个文明的世界做出了很大贡献}...

do more to... than... ^{比后者作用更大}

• New Concept English has done more to improve my writing skills than any other book^{新概念英语比其他任何书对提高我写作能力的作用都大}.

When it has been decided where we are going to drill, we put up at the surface an oil derrick.

put up / set up / erect ^{致力起来；搭建}

• We put up at the surface an oil derrick^{我们在地面上竖起了一个石油井架}.
• They put up a tent^{他们搭起了一个帐篷} in the field.
• The workers erected a new fence^{工人们竖起了一个新篱笆}.

It has to be tall because it is like a giant block and tackle and we have to lower into the ground and haul out of the ground great lengths of drill pipe which are rotated by an engine at the top and are fitted with a cutting bit at the bottom.

状语前置（强调句末宾语） ^{正常语序：头重脚轻}

• ...we have to lower into the ground and haul out of the ground great lengths of drill pipe^{我们必须把很长的钻杆下放到地下再从地下拖上来}...

课文仿写 ^{仿照地点状语前置}

• Please download from the website and send to me by email the software of which we are in urgent need^{请把我们急需的那个软件从网站上下载下来然后通过e-mail 发送给我}.

量词 (a length of...) ^{一根；一阵；一块等}

名词前有量词，形容词放在量词前 ^语法注意

• ...50 pence is a small price to pay for a nice big bar of chocolate^{一块很好的大巧克力}.
• Our next obstacle was a shallow pool of water^一潭浅水 about half a mile across.
• He gave me a beautiful bouquet of flowers^{一束美丽的花}.