speculation [ˌspekjuˈleiʃən] n. 推测
literally [ˈlitərəli] adv. 确实
odd [ɔd] adj. 奇特的
tissue [ˈtisjuː] n. 组织
【搭】nervous tissue 神经组织 osseous tissue 骨组织
* * *
A: Human tissue is made up of cells.
B: Your words are so abstract to me.
A：人体的组织是由细胞构成的。
B：你的话对我来说太抽象了。
* * *
plausible [ˈplɔːzəbəl] adj. 似乎有道理的
【派】plausibly 似乎有理地
* * *
A: What you said just now is plausible.
B: Of course. You can think it over tonight.
A：你刚才说的话似乎有道理。
B：当然。你今天晚上可以好好考虑一下。
* * *
hypothesis [haiˈpɔθisis] n. 假设
【扩】assumption 假设
* * *
A: I think we need more facts to check the hypothesis.
B: Maybe, but we have to wait a long time then.
A：我想我们必须要有更多的事实来检验我们的假设。
B：也许是那样的，但那样我们得等上很长时间。
* * *
electroencephalograph [iˌlektrəuenˈsefələˌɡrɑːf] n. 脑电图仪
electrode [iˈlektrəud] n. 电极
scalp [skælp] n. 头皮
【扩】dandruff 头皮屑 furfur 头皮屑
* * *
A: My scalp feels itchy.
B: I think you need to change the shampoo you use.
A：我的头皮发痒。
B：我认为你应该换另外一种洗发水用。
* * *
psychiatrist [saiˈkaiətrist] n. 精神病学家
punctuate [ˈpʌŋktʃueit] v. 不时介入
【例】The announcement was punctuated by cheers from the crowd.
在宣布过程中，群众的欢呼声此起彼伏。
jerk [dʒəːk] v. 猛拉
【派】jerky 抽动的
【扩】twitch 急拉
【搭】put a jerk into 加紧干
* * *
A: The bus has stopped with a jerk.
B: There must be something wrong with it.
A：公共汽车颠了一下停住了。
B：肯定是车坏了。
* * *
disorder [disˈɔːdə] n. 失调
implication [ˌimpliˈkeiʃən] n. 表明
noun [抽象名词]投机，投机买卖；猜测，推测，推断 - I am tired of all the speculation.
| speculate | speculation | speculative |
| inspect | inspector | inspection |
| suspect | suspicious | suspicion |
| expect | expectation | expectancy |
| respect | respectable | respectful |
| introspect | retrospect | perspective |
| circumspect | circumspection | circumspectly |
| spectacle | spectacular | specious |
| despise | espionage | conspicuous |
speculation n. 推测；投机
- She dismissed the newspaper reports as pure speculation. 她将报纸报道斥为纯粹的猜测。
- There has been a great deal of speculation about what will happen after the elections. 对于选举后将发生什么有大量的猜测(speculation about … 对于…的猜测)
- The bank warned against excessive speculation in property development. 银行警告不要过度投机于房地产开发。 (speculation in … 在某方面的投机)
| speculate on/about … 猜测…的原因 (v.) | We can only speculate on/about the reasons for his sudden resignation. 我们只能猜测他突然辞职的原因。 |
|---|---|
| speculate in … 在…方面投机 (v.) | He speculated in stocks, hoping to make a quick profit. 他在股票上投机，希望快速获利。 |
| speculative 猜测的；推测性的 (adj.) |
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| speculative investments 投机性投资 (adj.) | Financial advisors usually recommend avoiding highly speculative investments. 财务顾问通常建议避免高度投机性的投资。 |
| conjecture 推测；猜测 (n. 强调基于不完整信息) | The article was full of conjecture regarding the singer's private life. 这篇文章充满了关于这位歌手私生活的推测。 |
| guesswork/guess work 猜测；推测 (n. 强调随机或缺乏事实) | We don't need evidence-based results; this is all just guesswork. 我们不需要基于证据的结果，这一切都只是猜测。 |
adverb [方式副词]按照字面意义地，逐字地；真正地，确实地；（用于夸张地强调）简直 - I literally jumped out of my skin.
| adv. used to emphasize that sth, especially a large number, is actually true （加强语气）多达，长达，足足有… |
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| adv.If a word or expression is translated literally, its most simple or basic meaning is translated 字面地，逐字地 |
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literal adj. the literal meaning of a word or expression is its basic or original meaning 字面的，逐字的
- The literal meaning of 'television' is 'seeing from a distance'.
- literal translation 直译
- liberal translation 意译
| literal | literally | literary |
| literature | literate | literacy |
| illiterate | illiteracy | obliterate |
adjective [原级]奇怪的，反常的；偶然出现的，偶尔发生的；奇形怪状的，各种各样的；不成对的，不同类的；奇数的；可得到的，可用的；少量的，不重要的；（尤指在双方至少各进一球的情况下）一球险胜的 - You use odd before a noun to indicate that you are not mentioning the type, size, or quality of something because it is not important.
adverb [方式副词]（用于数字后）大约，左右 - You use odd after a number to indicate that it is only approximate. …
- What an odd man he is! 他真是个怪人!
- an odd number 奇数
- an even number 偶数
noun [具体名词]纸巾，面巾纸；（动物或植物的细胞）组织；（用于包装易碎物品的）薄纸，绵纸；薄纱，薄织物；（罗织编造的）一套，一系列 - Tissue paper is thin paper that is used for wrapping things that are easily damaged, such as objects made of glass or china.
verb [vt. 及物动词]用化妆纸揩去；饰以薄纱 - This can lead to tissue or organ inflammation and damage.
adjective [原级]似乎是真的，貌似有理的；（人）花言巧语的，貌似可信的；可靠的，可重用的 - If you say that someone is plausible, you mean that they seem to be telling the truth and to be sincere and honest.
plausible adj.reasonable and likely to be true 合理的，可信的，可能正确的
- a plausible explanation / excuse
- His story certainly sounds plausible.
| plausibility 合理性；可信度 (n.) | This new evidence lends plausibility to the theory that she was murdered. 这项新证据使她被谋杀的理论增加了可信度。 |
|---|---|
| reasonable 合理的；有道理的 (adj.) | We should aim to reach a reasonable compromise that satisfies both parties. 我们应该争取达成一个能让双方都满意的合理折衷方案。 |
| believable 可信的；真实的 (adj.) | The actor gave a highly believable performance as the struggling artist. 这位演员将这位苦苦挣扎的艺术家演绎得非常逼真/可信。 |
| credible 可信的；可靠的 (adj.) | The police need a credible witness who can confirm the suspect's alibi. 警方需要一名可靠的证人来证实嫌疑人的不在场证明。 |
| convincing 有说服力的 (adj.) | The lawyer presented convincing arguments that swayed the jury. 这位律师提出了有说服力的论点，说服了陪审团。 |
| persuasive 有说服力的；令人信服的 (adj.) | Her presentation was so persuasive that the board immediately approved the proposal. 她的演示如此有说服力，以至于董事会立即批准了该提案。 |
| cogent 令人信服的；有说服力的 (adj. 强调论点清晰有力) | The philosopher offered a cogent defense of his ethical theory. 这位哲学家对他的伦理理论提出了一个令人信服的辩护。 |
| implausible 难以置信的，不太可能是真的 (adj.) |
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| unbelievable 难以置信的 (adj.) | The team's sudden victory was absolutely unbelievable. 这支球队的突然胜利是绝对难以置信的。 |
| incredible 难以置信的；惊人的 (adj.) | He showed incredible courage in saving the child from the fire. 他在火灾中救出孩子表现出了惊人的勇气。 |
| unconvincing 不令人信服的 (adj.) | The suspect offered an unconvincing explanation for his whereabouts. 嫌疑人对他行踪的解释不令人信服。 |
| improbable 不大可能的；未必会发生的 (adj.) | It is highly improbable that the team will win the championship this year. 这支球队今年赢得冠军的可能性很小。 |
| inconceivable 难以想象的；不可思议的 (adj.) | It is inconceivable that someone would purposely sabotage the project. 有人会故意破坏这个项目是不可想象的。 |
| unlikely 不大可能的 (adj.) | It is unlikely to rain tomorrow, according to the forecast. 根据预报，明天不太可能会下雨。 |
| preposterous 荒谬的；可笑的 (adj.) | The idea that the Earth is flat is utterly preposterous. 地球是平的这种想法完全是荒谬的。 |
| shaky 站不住脚的；不稳固的 (adj.) | The prosecution's case rests on rather shaky evidence. 控方的案件依赖于相当站不住脚的证据。 |
| lame （借口等）蹩脚的；差劲的 (adj.) | He gave a lame excuse for being late to the meeting. 他为自己开会迟到找了一个蹩脚的借口。 |
noun [抽象名词]假说，假设；（凭空的）猜想，猜测；前提 - Work will now begin to test the hypothesis in rats.
hypothesis n. an idea that attempts to explain something but has not yet been tested or proved to be correct 假说，假设
- to formulate / confirm a hypothesis
- a hypothesis about the function of dreams
- There is little evidence to support these hypotheses.
拉丁词不规则复数变化形式
- basis → bases
- axis → axes
- oasis → oases
- crisis → crises
- thesis → theses
- ellipsis → ellipses
- synopsis → synopses
- analysis → analyses
- diagnosis → diagnoses
- parenthesis → parentheses
- hypothesis → hypotheses
noun [专属名词]脑电图仪；[内科] 脑电描记器 - Abnormal brain-wave activity shows up on electroencephalograph readings.
noun [专属名词][电] 电极；电焊条 - Two electrodes that measure changes in the body's surface moisture are attached to the palms of your hands.
noun [物质名词]头皮；战利品 - He smoothed his hair back over his scalp.
verb [vt. 及物动词]vt. 剥头皮 - The barber accidentally scalped a chunk of the customer's hair while trying to give him a buzz cut.
verb [vi. 不及物动词]vi. 剥头皮 - In some cultures, scalping was believed to have spiritual significance and was practiced as a religious ritual.
noun [专属名词]精神病学家，精神科医生 - One forensic psychiatrist described him as having an incurable antisocial personality disorder.
psychiatrist n. a doctor who studies and treats mental illnesses 精神病医生，精神病学家
- He filched pills from the psychiatrist. 他从精神科医生那里偷拿了一些药片。
- She felt better and the psychiatrist took her off antidepressants. 她感觉好些了，于是精神科医师给她停用了抗抑郁药。
- She saw a psychiatrist who used hypnotism to help her deal with her fear. 她去看了精神病医师，医生用催眠治疗帮助她克服恐惧心理。
| psychiatry 精神病学，精神病治疗 (n.) | A career in psychiatry requires extensive medical training and specialized knowledge. 精神病学领域的职业需要广泛的医学培训和专业知识。 |
|---|---|
| psychiatric 精神病学的；治疗精神病的 (adj.) | She was referred to a specialized psychiatric clinic for assessment. 她被转介到一家专业的精神病诊所进行评估。 |
| psychiatric treatment 精神病治疗 | He is currently undergoing intensive psychiatric treatment for his condition. 他目前正在接受针对他病情的强化精神病治疗。 |
| psychiatric disorder 精神障碍 | Charles was suffering from a psychiatric disorder that required professional help. 查尔斯患有需要专业帮助的精神障碍。 |
| psychiatric diagnosis 精神病诊断 | The effect of noise upon mental health must be so small that present methods of psychiatric diagnosis cannot find it. |
verb [vt. 及物动词]vt. 不时打断；强调；加标点于 - The game was punctuated by a series of injuries.
verb [vi. 不及物动词]vi. 加标点 - The pupils have not yet learned to punctuate correctly.
punctuate v. 加标点；不时打断，穿插
- The children have not yet learned to punctuate correctly. 加标点
- The transcription of his speech must be punctuated. 加标点
be punctuated by / with sth. 被不时地打断
- Her speech was punctuated by bursts of applause.
- The silence was occasionally punctuated by laughter.
- He showed that the average individual's sleep cycle is punctuated with peculiar bursts of eye-movements, …
adjective [原级]不平稳的；急促而不流畅的；抽筋的 - Mr. Griffin made a jerky gesture.
noun [专属名词]干肉条；熏肉条 - They pack boxes of butterscotch cupcakes, Sichuan-spiced beef jerky, and grapefruit marmalade.
noun [具体名词]混乱，杂乱；骚乱，动乱；紊乱，疾病 - Disorder is a state of being untidy, badly prepared, or badly organized.
verb [vt. 及物动词]打乱，使紊乱 - Many suffered from a definable alcohol, drug, or mental disorder.
noun [抽象名词]可能的影响（或作用、结果）；含意，暗指；牵连，涉及 - The implication was plain, if left unstated.
